Vitamin agents
As kidney function declines, 1-alpha hydroxylase activity decreases due to reduced function of renal mass and an increase in circulating FGF-23 levels, which potently suppress 1-alpha hydroxylase expression. Whether sufficient nonrenal 1-alpha hydroxylase activity is available to activate 25-hydroxy vitamin D in late-stage CKD patients is unknown.Activated oral vitamin agents available in the United States are calcitriol, paricalcitol, and doxercalciferol.More on vitamin agents
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